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General: Hair is constantly going
through cycles of growth, resting, shedding. When
hairs that are lost are not replaced, or when
more hair follicles go into the resting phase,
hair loss becomes noticeable. While there is ongoing
debate regarding hair loss reasons, the list below
shows many of the common contibuting factors:
Ageing The period for hair loss is between the
20 and 50 years of age. Some individuals arrive
at the advance stages of hair loss
sooner than others although it becomes increasingly
evident as people advance in age.
Cosmetic Chemicals Particularly bleaching, permanents,
coloring.
Drugs/Medications/Radiation Included are anticoagulants,
antidepressants, contraceptive pills, amphetamines,
some arthritis medications, some antibiotics,
some blood thinners, medicines for gout, drugs
derived from vitamin-A, certain drugs for ulcers,
beta blocker drugs for high blood pressure. Cancer
treatments such as chemotherapy and radiation
therapy halt the growth phase of hair follicles
which results in a sudden hair loss as those follicles
all shed their hair at about the same time.
Heredity Androgenetic alopecia is the term used
to describe a genetic predisposition in men and
women for pattern baldness or pattern hair loss.
Although there is a dominant tendency for male
pattern baldness, female members of a family can
be transmitters as well.
Hormonal Imbalance If the male and female hormones,
androgens and estrogens, are out of balance, hair
loss may result. Also an overactive or underactive
thyroid gland can contribute to hair loss.
Illness and Severe Infections These can include
scalp fungal infections, Thyroid disorders, Hyperthyroidism,
Hypothyroidism, Diabetes, Lupus.
Immune System Disorder Alopecia areata is an
immune system disorder which causes hair follicles
to stop producing hairs. Advanced forms of the
disorder are identified by the terms alopecia
totalis when all head hair disappears, and alopecia
universalis which results in all body hair disappearing.
Menopause Due to hormonal changes after menopause,
some women find their hair begins to thin. There
are a variety of treatments available involving
hormone replacement therapy (HRT). There may be
side effects in some cases and experimentation
may be necessary under the guidance of a physician.
Poor Blood Circulation Poor blood flow to the
scalp, insufficient nutrients in the blood, or
poor drainage of waste products through the lymphatic
systems can all contribute.
Pregnancy Three to six months after delivering
a child, many women notice a degree of hair loss
as the hair goes into a resting phase because
of the physiological impact of the pregnancy on
the body.
Pulling Traction alopecia is the term used to
describe loss of hair from constant pulling, as
with tightly braided hair styles such as pony
tails. Also the improper use of curling tongs
or rollers can tug the hair so it weakens.
Sebum Buildup Sebum buildup in the follicles
attacks the hair bulb, the rounded area at the
end of a hair strand which is rooted in the follicle.
Sebum causes the hair bulb to shrink so the hair
is not as well rooted. After the hair falls out
the new hair strand growing in that follicle is
weaker and thinner and the process is repeated
until the hair follicle is so damaged it dies.
(Sebum is a fatty substance secreted from the
sebaceous glands most of which open into hair
follicles.)
Stress and Nervous Disorders Telogen effluvium
is the term used for a slowing down of new hair
growth because of sudden or severe stress. The
stress triggers a large number of hair follicles
to enter the resting stage, so a few months after
the stressful event, those follicles shed hair
at about the same time.
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